European Electronic Tolling Study 2021: Table of contents

  1. Fundamentals of electronic tolling and road user charging
    • History, definitions, applications and use cases
    • Global overview of technologies and schemes
  2. Trends impacting the ETC ecosystem
    • Major political, technological, and market drivers
      • Political drivers overview and impact
      • Technological drivers overview and impact
      • Market drivers overview and impact
      • Driver assessment by region
    • The impact of COVID-19
      • COVID-19 response map
      • Traffic volumes and recovery
      • Impact on ETC penetration
      • Tolling as a service within mobility payments
      • Expansion of toll service offering
      • Entrance of mobility service providers and navigation giants into tolling
      • Services and payment use cases in the connected car
    • The alignment of road user charging and environmental policy
      • Tolling types and their effects on emissions
      • Europe and the green movement
      • Congestion charges and Low Emission Zones (LEZ)
  3. Traditional and emerging devices and technologies
    • Global technological overview
    • Technology in detail
      • RFID
      • DSRC
      • GNSS
      • ANPR
      • Infrared
      • Mobile
      • Fleet telematics
      • Embedded
  4. The ETC value chain and power players
    • The ETC value chain explained
      • Value chain integrators
      • Device manufacturers
      • Active toll chargers
      • Service operators
      • Systems specialists
      • Active and passive smartphone platforms
    • ETC power players
      • The traditional players
        • Road operators
        • Toll service providers
        • Fuel card issuers
        • Energy companies
        • Fleet management service providers
      • The new entrants
        • Fleet telematics providers
        • OEMs
        • Navigation giants
        • Payment providers
        • Mobility service providers
      • How new entrants will shake up the market
  5. Services beyond tolling with dynamic data
    • Data collection and its usage
  6. Electronic tolling assessments by country
    • Regional overview
      • Introduction to the region
      • Legislation
      • Potential areas for investment
      • Regional value chain
      • Major local players
      • Technology roadmap
      • Efforts at interoperability
      • Market forecast
    • Country profiles
      • Austria
      • Belarus
      • Belgium
      • Bosnia and Herzegovina
      • Bulgaria
      • Croatia
      • Czech Republic
      • Denmark
      • Estonia
      • Finland
      • France
      • Germany
      • Greece
      • Hungary
      • Ireland
      • Italy
      • Latvia
      • Lithuania
      • Norway
      • Poland
      • Portugal
      • Russia
      • Serbia
      • Slovakia
      • Slovenia
      • Spain
      • Sweden
      • Switzerland
      • The Netherlands
      • The UK
      • Turkey
      • Ukraine
  7. European outlook: the future of ETC and RUC